Abstract: In this paper, a powertrain control strategy for the real-time energy optimization of a hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) with planetary gear system is presented. Based on the deduced actual ...
Abstract: A Spark ignition (SI) engine is a complex, multi-domain component of the vehicle powertrain system. The engine control module (ECM) for an SI engine must achieve both high performance and ...
Used electric vehicles are some of the most budget-friendly used cars on the market these days. That’s largely because of slowing demand and relatively high depreciation. But is it a smart idea to buy ...
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