Digital instruments sample analog waveforms and operate on the samples with the assurance that the data can be restored to continuous analog form. The sampling theorem states that a signal digitized ...

Previous articles in Planet Analog make mention of the “aliasing effect.” Most EEs agree in the importance of the aliasing effect as a noise source and take for granted that anti-aliasing filters are ...

The Shannon–Hartley theorem provides a tool to quantify the information content of analog data. The theorem prescribes that unpredictability — the element of surprise — is the property that defines ...